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Strength training combined with whey protein may improve muscle mass and grip strength in older adultsCombining strength training with whey protein supplementation may be linked to modestly greater gains in muscle mass and grip strength than strength training alone in older adults with sarcopenia, though the evidence remains limited and inconsistent.
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Teacher and video classroom activity breaks both modestly increase student physical activityBrief classroom activity breaks may boost daily student physical activity by roughly 9 minutes, but only if schools maintain consistent delivery and institutional backing.
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Cinnamon with exercise training and chest circumference in overweight womenCinnamon supplementation may not add meaningful benefit to the effects of exercise training on abdominal circumference or reproductive hormones in overweight women, though exercise alone showed clear benefits.
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PE curriculum and whole-school programs show small boosts to youth activity levelsRedesigning PE curriculum or implementing whole-school activity strategies may support small increases in youth MVPA, but adding extra activity opportunities without systemic change shows uncertain benefit.
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School-based diet and physical activity interventions show modest effects on child weight in AfricaSchool-based programs combining diet and activity may help African children maintain healthy weight, but current evidence shows no significant overall BMI reduction and remains geographically limited.
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Urban green space qualities linked to physical activity in older adultsEvidence suggests that the size of parks and quality of walking trails may support activity in older urban residents, but research definitions remain too varied to identify which features are most important.
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Short sleep duration linked to higher obesity risk in children and teensShort sleep duration may be linked to modestly increased obesity risk in children and especially in adolescents, suggesting sleep hygiene could be one component of obesity prevention.
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Community exercise and education program linked to cardiometabolic gains in metabolic syndromeA structured community program combining exercise, education, and monitoring may help adults with metabolic syndrome improve fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk markers.
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Food swap recommendations improve healthfulness and reduce carbon footprint of online grocery purchasesAlgorithmic food-swap recommendations may help consumers make modestly healthier and lower-carbon grocery choices, though the specific wording of recommendations appears to influence which benefit (health or environmental) dominates.
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Age-friendly city design linked to higher physical activity and self-rated health in older adultsAge-friendly urban features may support physical activity and health in older adults, but current evidence relies too heavily on self-report to draw firm conclusions about effect size or durability.
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Mediterranean-style diet and standard weight loss both achieve similar weight loss over 24 monthsA Mediterranean-style dietary approach may support modestly better diet quality than standard energy-restriction dieting, though both approaches yield similar modest weight loss over two years.
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Physical activity may modestly reduce weight and body fat in obese adolescentsPhysical activity may be linked to modest short-term reductions in weight, waist circumference, and body fat in obese adolescents, but the evidence remains low-certainty and long-term effects are unknown.
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Temporal and routine cues matter most for building exercise habitsExercising at consistent times and incorporating it into your daily routine may be more important for building lasting exercise habits than varying where or with whom you exercise.
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Weight management programme plus semaglutide tested in advanced kidney diseaseThis trial may reveal whether intensive weight management using semaglutide and coaching is feasible and safe in people with advanced kidney disease—a group previously missing from obesity research.
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Hybrid lifestyle program and metabolic health in adults with obesityA hybrid lifestyle intervention showed metabolic benefits in participants who completed the program, though dropout rates and intention-to-treat analysis raise questions about scalability and real-world effectiveness in resource-limited settings.
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Moderate resistance training three times weekly may offer the best bone density gains for older adultsFor most skeletal sites, moderate-intensity resistance training three times per week may be associated with the most favorable bone density improvements in middle-aged and older adults, though the evidence at some sites is too close to call definitively.
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Oat β-glucan, rice bran, and unripe banana flour show modest improvements in glucose and cholesterolDifferent fiber sources may support metabolic health through distinct mechanisms, but the improvements appear modest, and longer, better-designed studies are needed to guide recommendations.
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Animal protein more consistently linked to body fat loss in menopausal women than plant proteinAnimal proteins may be linked to more consistent improvements in body fat and muscle in midlife women, but the effect is strongest when paired with calorie restriction and exercise rather than from protein intake alone.
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Culturally adapted resistance exercise intervention shows high adherence in young Black womenSupervised resistance exercise with culturally relevant instruction and peer support may be highly acceptable for young Black women, though maintaining engagement during independent training requires stronger digital tools and accountability systems.
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Community interventions boost physical activity in low- and middle-income countriesCommunity-based programs, especially those using digital platforms or peer leaders, may help adults in resource-limited settings increase physical activity, though the heterogeneity of studies limits firm conclusions about which approach works best.
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Sprint Interval Training Boosts VO2max Equally Whether You Do Few or Many RepetitionsFewer sprints per session appear sufficient to build aerobic fitness, which may reduce physical discomfort and dropout rates while preserving the time-efficiency advantage of SIT.
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System-level intervention at daycare shifts children toward plant-based, climate-friendly eatingWell-designed changes to institutional meal provision and food education may help shift children's diets toward plant-based, lower-impact foods, with measurable environmental benefits and no reduction in nutritional value.
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Physical activity for managing obesity in children under age 9Structured physical activity may be associated with small reductions in BMI and body fat in young children with obesity, but current evidence is too limited and uncertain to draw confident conclusions about effectiveness.
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Four exercise types compared for weight and fat loss in overweight university studentsDifferent exercise types appear to target different aspects of body composition, so choosing an exercise mode may depend on whether your priority is overall weight loss, fat reduction, or specific measurements like waist or hip circumference.
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Combined lifestyle intervention reduces cardiometabolic risk in cancer survivorsCombined lifestyle programs that address diet and exercise together may help cancer survivors manage several cardiometabolic risk factors, though individual gains tend to be small.